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r1 - 04 Mar 2006 - NelsonFerraz

NAME

perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules

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DESCRIPTION

You can think of a module as the fundamental unit of reusable Perl code; see the perlmod manpage for details. Whenever anyone creates a chunk of Perl code that they think will be useful to the world, they register as a Perl developer at http://www.cpan.org/modules/04pause.html so that they can then upload their code to the CPAN. The CPAN is the Comprehensive Perl Archive Network and can be accessed at http://www.cpan.org/ , and searched at http://search.cpan.org/ . This documentation is for people who want to download CPAN modules and install them on their own computer.

PREAMBLE

First, are you sure that the module isn't already on your system? Try perl -MFoo -e 1. (Replace ``Foo'' with the name of the module; for instance, perl -MCGI::Carp -e 1. If you don't see an error message, you have the module. (If you do see an error message, it's still possible you have the module, but that it's not in your path, which you can display with perl -e ``print qq(@INC)''>.) For the remainder of this document, we'll assume that you really honestly truly lack an installed module, but have found it on the CPAN. So now you have a file ending in .tar.gz (or, less often, .zip). You know there's a tasty module inside. There are four steps you must now take:

DECOMPRESS the file

UNPACK the file into a directory

BUILD the module (sometimes unnecessary)

INSTALL the module.
Here's how to perform each step for each operating system. This is <not> a substitute for reading the README and INSTALL files that might have come with your module! Also note that these instructions are tailored for installing the module into your system's repository of Perl modules -- but you can install modules into any directory you wish. For instance, where I say perl Makefile.PL, you can substitute perl Makefile.PL PREFIX=/my/perl_directory> to install the modules into /my/perl_directory. Then you can use the modules from your Perl programs with use lib "/my/perl_directory/lib/site_perl"; or sometimes just use "/my/perl_directory";. If you're on a system that requires superuser/root access to install modules into the directories you see when you type perl -e "print qq(@INC)", you'll want to install them into a local directory (such as your home directory) and use this approach.

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PORTABILITY

Note that not all modules will work with on all platforms. See the perlport manpage for more information on portability issues. Read the documentation to see if the module will work on your system. There are basically three categories of modules that will not work ``out of the box'' with all platforms (with some possibility of overlap): Check the CPAN Testers if a module should work with your platform but it doesn't behave as you'd expect, or you aren't sure whether or not a module will work under your platform. If the module you want isn't listed there, you can test it yourself and let CPAN Testers know, you can join CPAN Testers, or you can request it be tested. 
    http://testers.cpan.org/

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HEY

If you have any suggested changes for this page, let me know. Please don't send me mail asking for help on how to install your modules. There are too many modules, and too few Orwants, for me to be able to answer or even acknowledge all your questions. Contact the module author instead, or post to comp.lang.perl.modules, or ask someone familiar with Perl on your operating system.

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AUTHOR

Jon Orwant orwant@medita.mit.edu with invaluable help from Chris Nandor, and valuable help from Brandon Allbery, Charles Bailey, Graham Barr, Dominic Dunlop, Jarkko Hietaniemi, Ben Holzman, Tom Horsley, Nick Ing-Simmons, Tuomas J. Lukka, Laszlo Molnar, Alan Olsen, Peter Prymmer, Gurusamy Sarathy, Christoph Spalinger, Dan Sugalski, Larry Virden, and Ilya Zakharevich. First version July 22, 1998; last revised November 21, 2001.

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COPYRIGHT

Copyright (C) 1998, 2002, 2003 Jon Orwant. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this documentation provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved on all copies. Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this documentation under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided also that they are marked clearly as modified versions, that the authors' names and title are unchanged (though subtitles and additional authors' names may be added), and that the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission notice identical to this one. Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this documentation into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions.

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